Write a balanced equation for the nitration of benzene. (i) 2-Bromopropane undergoes dehydrohalogenation reaction.

3 Steps in Nitration of Benzene via Electrophilic Substitution Reaction Mechanism: 1: Production of the electrophile (the nitronium ion, NO 2 + ion) using conc. Bisulfate deprotonates the sigma complex to restore the aromatic ring as Feb 1, 2023 · nitration / nitration of benzene (Kobe and Mills 2002). (a) Write a balanced equation for the key nitration product: (1 pt) COOME COOME COOMe COOMe NO2 HNO, H2SO4 NO2 NO2 Major product Minor products. To synthesise and recrystallize a sample of methyl 3-nitrobenzoate will take about 1½ h. p. The nitration of methyl benzoate is a fundamental illustration of an electrophilic aromatic substitution process. Benzene ring is one of components in most important natural products and other useful products. 43 EXPERIMENT 43 Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Aromatic substitution Crystallization The nitration of methyl benzoate to prepare methyl m-nitrobenzoate is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, in which a proton of the aromatic ring is replaced by a nitro group: OCH3 + HONO, M. Write an equation for this reaction. ) Expt. 08 used: 3 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid (e) Table of Results: (2 pts) 0. Use uppercase for the first character in the element and lowercase for the second character. See AnswerSee Answer done loading. Another explosive, RDX comes Jul 21, 2023 · Nitration of benzene. Jun 21, 2020 · write a balanced equation for the halogenation (F, Cl, Br, I) of benzene in the presence of a suitable catalyst or promoter. When phenol is treated with chloroform in the presence of sodium hydroxide, an aldehyde group is formed at the ortho Write an equation to show the formation of this acylium ion from ethanoyl chloride and one other substance. This reaction is typically carried out in a mixed acid solution to generate nitronium ions, and how solvent molecules play roles in the reaction has been of great interest. 1. 3. Based on the substituent on your assigned aromatic compound, will your electrophilic aromatic substitution be faster or slower than the same reaction on benzene and why? (5 pts. Bisulfate deprotonates the sigma complex to restore the aromatic ring as Apr 4, 2018 · Nitration of benzene is an example of elctrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. draw the resonance contributors for the carbocation which is formed during the reaction of chlorine or bromine with benzene. May 21, 2024 · The chemical formula for benzene is C6H6. Nitration of benzene or its derivatives introduces a nitro (NO 2) group into an aromatic system. p- I –C 6 H 4 –NH 2 + Na I + CO 2 + H 2 O. Bromine. Why is it important that the nitration of benzene by nitric acid occurs in sulfuric acid? 4. 4 mL of methyl benzoate to the sulfuric acid. In a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction, the aromatic ring is transformed into a ketone. That means that you would use a lower temperature to prevent more than one nitro group being substituted – in this case, 30°C rather than 50°C. Without sulfuric acid the reaction would not occur. Mar 3, 2019 · The process block diagram for the nitrobenzene manufacturing plant via benzene nitration is shown in Figure 1. Step 2: The nitronium ion acts as an electrophile in the process which further reacts with benzene to form an arenium ion. We start by writing the unbalanced equation: C6H6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O Step 3/6 3. Benzene (C6H6) reacts with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). #2: Electrophilic aromatic nitration of an unknown monosubstituted benzene ortho or meta or para isomer NO2 pts Place your answers in the spaces below (1) 2 (2) 2 How many degrees of unsaturation are present The nitration of benzene ‍ During the nitration reaction, you'll notice that a hydrogen ion is released from benzene. Adjust the coefficients to obtain the same number of atoms of this element (s) on both sides. Under the acidic conditions, rather than getting phenylamine directly, you instead get View Solution. 4. Abstract: Methyl benzoate, a benzene derivative, interacts with a nitronium ion in this experiment. The formation of the electrophile. A balanced chemical equation represents a reaction where reactants are on the left side, while products are on the right side of the arrow. After determining the mass of the methyl benzoate place a magnetic spin vane in the vial and carefully add 0. By acetylating the heteroatom substituent on phenol and aniline, its activating influence can be substantially attenuated. She found that they all reacted with bromine but under different conditions. Here is the step-by-step process to write the balanced equation: 1. . This mechanism for electrophilic aromatic substitution should be considered in context with other mechanisms involving carbocation Stage 1: conversion of nitrobenzene into phenylammonium ions. (a) An acylium ion has the structure R—C=O where R is any alkyl group. 2 Predict the position (s) of nitration of the following compounds and also estimate the rate relative to that of benzene. Only one resonance structure is needed for the intermediate in the EAS portion of the mechanism. Join / Login. A combustion reaction requires O2 gas and forms H2O liquid and CO2 gas. Assertion (A): Nitration of benzene with nitric acid requires the use of concentrated sulphuric acid. Chemicals that are Produced from Toluene. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. to nitric acid on the Oct 23, 2019 · Historical perspectives: The earliest recorded experiments on the kinetics of aromatic nitration has been performed in 1884, when the nitration of benzene and some of its simpler derivatives with various amounts of nitric acid have been examined at various temperatures (Ref. (Lit Val), °C Appearance (Recovery) Crude Product 0. Nitration of Benzene. This is called the "nitronium ion" or the "nitryl cation", and is formed by reaction between the nitric acid and sulphuric acid. In this tutorial, we will learn followings. Question: Write a balanced equation for the combustion of benzene, C6H6 ( l ) in oxygen. Calculate its standard heat of formation, delta H degree f, given the data: delta H degree f [ CO2 ( g ) ] = 394 kJ; delta H degree f [ H2O ( l ) ] = 286 kJ. The standard heat of combustion of benzene is 3271 kJ / mol. According to Cheggs guid …. We can eliminate the fractional coefficient by multiplying all coefficients on both sides of the chemical equation by 2: . Reason (R): The mixture of concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated nitric acid produces the electrophile, N Jan 23, 2023 · The reaction with bromine. In contrast to nitration of alcohols, the nitration of benzene produces relatively stable nitro compounds that are much more difficult to detonate. b) Illustrate the structural formula of product (s) formed for sulfonation of anisole. Lesson organisation. 6. Keep it cold! You may want to clamp it to keep it from falling over in your ice bath. Step 2/6 2. 6 mole % nitric acid and27 mole % sulfuric acid to 35 mole % nitric acid and zero % sulfuric acid; the organic- phase composition ranged from 4 to 95 mole ’% benzene, and the relative extent of the acid and organic phases was varied fro. Nitration The reaction nitration of benzene is carried out by treating benzene with concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid at a temperature not exceeding 50°C. Draw an energy diagram for the nitration of benzene. Sep 1, 2022 · Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of benzene, C6H6(l), to give carbon dioxide and water vapor. Verified by Toppr. The entropy of a system is defined as the degree of randomness or disorderness in the system. b) llustrate the structural formula of Phenylamine is an organic compound consisting of a benzene ring and an amine (NH 2) functional group. The -OH group attached to the benzene ring in phenol has the effect of making the ring much more reactive than it would otherwise be. In this experiment, methyl benzoate is transformed into methyl 3-nitrobenzoate. write the equation for the nitration and sulfonation of benzene. That means that you would use a lower temperature to prevent more than one nitro group being substituted - in this case, 30°C rather than 50°C. 5 % (stream 12) for reactors 1, 2, 3, and Nov 21, 2023 · The bromination of acetanilide balanced chemical equation is C 6 H 5 N H C O C H 3 + B r 2 → B r C 6 H 4 N H C O C H 3 + H B r. At A-Level, nitration of an arene usually just means the substitution of a NO 2 group onto a benzene ring. Sulfuric acid protonates nitric acid to form the nitronium ion (water molecule is lost). The acid-phase compositions rang. It can be produced in a three-step synthesis reaction followed by the separation of phenylamine from the reaction mixture. Step 1: Nitric acid (HNO 3) is protonated by sulfuric acid which causes the loss of a water molecule and formation of a nitronium ion, a strong electrophile. 3 days ago · Toluene reacts with hydrogen gas according to the chemical equation below. Yellow oily nitrobenzene is formed. In another small vial (cooled in ice), carefully add 0. The prod uction of nitrobenzene is o ne of the most dangerous processes c onducted in t he chemical industry b ecause of t he exothermicity 3. Video transcript. A hydrogen atom of benzene is replaced by a nitro group (-NO 2) in this reaction. 0. Weight of nitrobenzene = 123 g/mole. The mixture is heated under reflux in a boiling water bath for about half an hour. Cap the conical vial with an air condenser, secure the apparatus Q 1. P. Step 2: A proton is removed from this intermediate, yielding a substituted benzene ring. Problems 1 Write a mechanistic equation for the nitration of toluene by nitric and sulfuric acids. Draw the intermediates, starting materials, and products. d from 1. Certain groups, already present, can decrease the electron density of the benzene ring and make the aromatic compound less reactive towards electrophiles such as described rature range from 34’ to 54°C. ) 3. Expert-verified. For example, as you will find below, phenol will react with a solution of bromine in water (bromine water) in the cold and in the absence of any catalyst. Write the balanced chemical equation for each of the following reactions: Lead nitrate solution is added to sodium chloride solution. Part 1. Nov 10, 2020 · Answer: electrophilic substitution - the nitration of benzene. Here's the general reaction for the nitration of benzene. 2) To get the melting point of the product. The mechanism is effectively the same, namely: Step 1 - generate electrophile Br+ from Br2 and FeBr3. design were studied, namely: (1) the effect of temperature on the conversio n of reactions, (2) the effect of the ratio of sul ph uric acid. Transcribed Image Text: Benzaldehyde and anisole are aromatic compounds. The reactant is gaseous benzene (C6H6), and the products are carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). This reaction requires a temperature of approximately 55 o C, concentrated The nitration of benzene is one example of an electrophilic substitution reaction. 90° is obtained. As for example Benzene reacts with concentrated nitric acid in presence of concentrated sulphuric acid as a catalyst, and form nitrobenzene. Write the balanced chemical equation for your reaction using your installed MarvinSketch chemical structure application 2. Mar 23, 2023 · Some aspects of process. Iron is usually used because it is cheaper and more readily available. The nitronium ion is a very good electrophile and is open to attack by benzene. 5. Would you expect Δ S to be positive or negative in this process? Step-by-step solution. Your solution’s ready to go! Our expert help has broken down your problem into an easy-to-learn solution you can count on. Write the product (s) formed when. In the first step, the electrophile is generated. Jun 1, 2022 · Nitration of benzene is a representative aromatic substitution reaction related to the σ-complex (arenium ion or “Wheland” intermediate) concept. For example, methyl benzene is significantly more reactive than benzene and when nitrated, over 90% of the products are either methyl-2-nitrobenzene or methyl-4-nitrobenzene. 100% (1 rating) Nitration of Benzene. The compounds involved are: Acetanilide. Step 1 - Nitration. Chemistry questions and answers. 67 mL of concentrated HNO3 to prepare this NM. Electrophilic substitution of benzene leads to the following three steps: The electrophile is created. Nitrobenzene is reduced to phenylammonium ions using a mixture of tin and concentrated hydrochloric acid. 1. How to generate a nitronium ion electrophile from concentr Aug 27, 2020 · C 6 H 5 –NH 2 + I 2 + NaHCO 3. Electrophile used in the nitration of benzene is nitronium ion N O+ 2. So how do we get from one nitrate group to three, as Nitration is the substitution of an NO 2 group for one of the hydrogen atoms on a benzene ring. H. 5 mL (1/2 pipette) of concentrated sulfuric acid and 0. Apart from that, the reaction is just the same Solution. Apart from that, the reaction is just the same - using Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Explain the difference between ortho, para- and meta-directing groups in electrophilic substitution; be able to draw resonance forms for EWG and EDG. Calculation. Using a syringe, add 0. 5 mL (1/2 pipette) of concentrated nitric acid. 21 mL of methyl benzoate to the vial. Oct 27, 2023 · write a balanced equation for the halogenation (F, Cl, Br, I) of benzene in the presence of a suitable catalyst or promoter. In this reaction three reactions are required. Second, prepare your reaction mixture (RM) in a large beaker; this container will maximize cooling during the reaction. The electrophile NO2+ ion is generated by reacting concentrated nitric acid (HNO 3) and concentrated sulfuric acid Nitration of Methyl Benzoate. The nitration of benzene requires a mixture of concentrated nitric acid (HNO 3) and sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) refluxed with benzene between 25 oC and 60 oC. Q. or: Video transcript. This balanced equation indicates that one mole of benzene reacts with 15. Do check them out if you have missed that. and 0. Benzene undergoes nitration with concentrated nitric acid (HNO 3) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H 2 May 19, 2024 · To balance a chemical equation, enter an equation of a chemical reaction and press the Balance button. Jul 19, 2023 · C 2H 6 + 7 2O 2 3H 2O + 2CO 2. Write major reaction of benzene: Halogenation Nitration Sulphonation Alkylation Aceylation Your solution’s ready to go! Our expert help has broken down your problem into an easy-to-learn solution you can count on. 45 mL of sulfuric acid to the vial containing the methyl benzoate. 2–C8H18(l) +25––– O2(g) 16––– CO2(g) +18–––H2O(g) 5. Ionic charges are not yet supported and will be ignored. (iii) Methylbromide is treated with KCN. Write a balanced equation for the formation of this electrophile (state symbols are not required). Since phenol is more reactive, nitration can occur under milder conditions by reacting it with dilute nitric acid at room Write the reaction showing the major and minor products when chlorobenzene is reacted with CH 3Cl and CH 3CoCl in present of AlCl3. A hydrogen atom is replaced by a nitro (-NO 2) group. Click here:point_up_2:to get an answer to your question :writing_hand:how will you convert benzene into aniline. ), H2SO (conc. , Write the balanced equation for the nitration of methyl benzoate, explaining the stoichiometry and identifying the limiting reagent. Typically, this is done by employing an acid chloride (R- (C=O)-Cl) and a Lewis acid catalyst such as AlCl 3. Jan 26, 2022 · Outlining the nitration of benzene, showing the reaction and electrophilic substitution mechanism. Click to enter your answer Adapted with permission from UCLES, A-Level Science, November 1996, Chains and Rings, Question 2 4. 1). 2. 5 mL of methyl benzoate Grams % Yield M. C 6 H 5 CH 3 + H 2 → C 6 H 6 + CH 4. 5 moles of oxygen to produce 6 moles of carbon dioxide and 3 moles of water. Add the concentrated H2SO. Reimer-Tiemann Reaction. H N O3 +2H 2SO4 → N O+ 2 +H 3O+ +2H SO− 4. HNO 3 3. It is obtained from the reaction between nitric acid and sulphuric acid. A chemist was investigating the reactions of benzene, phenol and cyclohexene with bromine. write a balanced equation for the halogenation (F, Cl, Br, I) of benzene in the presence of a suitable catalyst or promoter. Start with the structural formula of toluene, which is C6H5CH3. The mixture is held at this temperature for about half an hour. This page gives you the facts and a simple, uncluttered mechanism for the electrophilic substitution reaction between benzene and a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid. Step 1: First, write down the unbalanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of benzene. Each of the elements must be equally present on both the sides of the reaction which means we have to multiply some of the compounds present to obtain the balance. Introduction Aromatic substituition is electrophilic, due to high density in benzene ring. For example, acetylation of aniline gives acetanilide (first step in the following equation), which undergoes nitration at low temperature Our expert help has broken down your problem into an easy-to-learn solution you can count on. Dec 27, 2021 · write a balanced equation for the halogenation (F, Cl, Br, I) of benzene in the presence of a suitable catalyst or promoter. Because the end product is meta a meta directing group must be utilized. Q 4. A catalyst (such Step 1: The electrophile forms a sigma-bond to the benzene ring, generating a positively charged benzenonium intermediate. The mechanism for nitration of benzene: Step 1: Nitric acid accepts a proton from sulphuric acid and then dissociates to form nitronium ion. The balanced equation for the combustion of benzene is 2C6H6(l) + 15O2(g Write the product(s) formed when (i) 2-Bromopropane undergoes dehydrohalogenation reaction. No solvent has been used (just nitric acid), and thus, the reaction Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of benzene, C 6 H 6 ( l ), to give carbon dioxide and water vapor. Next, we need to balance the equation by making sure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. 2) A conversion from the nitro group to an amine. Learn for free about math, art, computer programming, economics, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, finance, history, and more. Here’s the best way to solve it. The reaction is carried out with a mixture of nitric and sulfuring acid at temperatures above 50 o C. Was this answer helpful? Upon treatment with a weak electrophile (carbon dioxide), it undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction to form Ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid. Identify the most complex substance. And that puts a nitro group onto your benzene ring, in place of this proton. Molecular formula of m–dinitrobenzene = C6H4N2O4. There are 2 steps to solve this one. Step 1 of 4. In the conversion of benzene into phenylethanone, C6H5COCH3, an acylium ion CH3CO reacts with a benzene molecule. H 2 SO 4 and conc. The balanced equation for the nitration of toluene involves the addition of a nitro group (NO2) to the benzene ring. Question: HNO, (conc. Apr 30, 2018 · 3. This reaction is popularly known as Kolbe’s reaction. Nitration is an example of an electrophilic substitution reaction. Step 3: The arenium ion then loses its proton to Lewis base forming nitrobenzene. Mar 7, 2024 · The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of benzene is as follows: C 6 H 6 + 15 1/2 O 2 → 6CO 2 + 3H 2 O. a) Write the chemical equation for nitration reaction of benzaldehyde. Sulfuric acid is needed in order for a good electrophile to form. So we start off with benzene, and to it, you add concentrated nitric and concentrated sulfuric acids. Today, we will look at how Nitration of Benzene proceeds via Electrophilic Substitution Mechanism. In contrast, benzene and xylene are used for the second most common application. Benzene is treated with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid at a temperature not exceeding 50°C. As can be observed, this process involves 18 stages that are described as follows: the catalyzed liquid-liquid reaction is carried out in four adiabatic reactors achieving conversions of 91% (stream 9), 98% (stream 10), 99% (stream 11), and 99. 1) A nitration. Stir after each drop. Step 3 - deprotonation of intermediate to form bromobenzene and regeneration of FeBr3 catalyst. Label the transition states. The overall reaction of nitration of arenes. Of the nitro, bromine, and amine group, only the nitro group is meta direction. \[C6H6 + O2 \rightarrow CO2 + H2O\] Step 2/5 Step 2: Balance the carbon atoms. For example, the high-explosive TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) is formed by triple nitration of toluene. Steps 2 and 3: Two pi electrons from benzene form a sigma bond with the nitronium ion to create the sigma complex. SO, OCH3 + H20 Methylbenesere NO2 Methyl monitrobenzoate 186 Part Three Properties and Friedel-Crafts acylation of methylbenzene (toluene) The reaction is just the same with methylbenzene except that you have to worry about where the acyl group attaches to the ring relative to the methyl group. Examples: Fe, Au, Co, Br, C, O, N, F. The reaction between benzene and bromine in the presence of either aluminum bromide or iron gives bromobenzene. The balanced equation will appear above. The reaction is regioselective and produces predominantly methyl 3-nitrobenzoate. A conventional balanced equation with integer-only coefficients is derived by multiplying each coefficient by 2: 2C 2H 6 + 7O 2 6H 2O + 4CO 2. SO 3 and H 2 SO 4 (fuming) 2. In basic medium. Khan Academy is a nonprofit with the mission of providing a free, world-class education for anyone, anywhere. Here's an equation for the overall reaction: C6H6 + HNO3 → C6H5NO2 + H2O. Molecular formula of nitrobenzene = C6H5NO2. , Draw the mechanism for the electrophilic Jan 23, 2023 · Nitration happens when one (or more) of the hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring is replaced by a nitro group, NO 2. | Nitration of Benzene. Write a detailed mechanism for the sulfonation of benzene, including all resonance forms. For the Nitration of Methyl Benzoate please write the balanced equation for the reaction. For each g of benzoic acid, use 1 mL of concentrated H2SO. Beginning with that substance, choose an element (s) that appears in only one reactant and one product, if possible. The Nitration of Methylbenzene (Toluene) Methylbenzene reacts rather faster than benzene – in nitration, the reaction is about 25 times faster. Finally with regard to balanced equations, recall that convention dictates use of the smallest whole-number coefficients. An intermediate carbocation is removed of a proton. (b) `SO_(2)` gas is passed through an aqu a) Write the chemical equation for nitration reaction of benzaldehyde. Let's look at the mechanism for the nitration of benzene. Click here:point_up_2:to get an answer to your question :writing_hand:how will you convert phenol to benzene. Step 2 - carbon in benzene uses 2 electrons from delocalised pi system to form a bond with Br+, generating an unstable intermediate. The electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in strongly acidic medium produces :-. It also reacts with dilute nitric acid, whereas benzene Steps in Balancing a Chemical Equation. N a2S2O3 → N a2SO4. Write the reaction showing the major and minor products when chlorobenzene is reacted with CH 3Cl and CH 3CoCl in present of AlCl3. In this experiment the students nitrate methyl benzoate. (i) 2-Bromopropane undergoes dehydrohalogenation reaction. Benzene and xylene are synthesised using toluene as well as the following chemical reactions: Foam polyurethane Apr 18, 2020 · Write balanced chemical equations for the following processes : (a) `Cl_(2)` is passed through slaked lime. Solve. C6H6 + Br2 → C6H5Br + HBr (4) (4) C 6 H 6 + B r 2 → C 6 H 5 B r + H B r. Use app Login. What is the catalyst for this reaction? Q. Write a mechanism for the nitration of methyl benzoate (major product only) Include formation of the electrophile from the reaction of nitric acid with sulfuric acid. View Solution. Benzene is converted to nitrobenzene by a mixture of sulphuric acid and nitric acid. Question: For the Nitration of Methyl Benzoate please write the balanced equation for the reaction. 3) A bromination. The reaction between benzene and an acyl chloride The equation is now balanced, but we usually write equations with whole number coefficients. Tare a 5-mL conical vial and add 0. The species reacting with the aromatic ring is usually a positive ion or the end of a dipole. This ion reacts with HSO4- to reform H2SO4. Jan 23, 2023 · 1. There are 6 carbon atoms in benzene, so put a 6 in front of CO2. Would you expect ΔS to be positive or ne Nitration of Methyl Benzoate. This means that the sulfuric acid is just a catalyst. If you are going to substitute an -NO 2 group into the ring, then the electrophile must be NO 2+. Ozonolysis of Benzene Q 1. The Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction involves the addition of an acyl group to an aromatic ring. Arenes are cyclic hydrocarbons that contain a delocalised electron bonding system – like in benzene with a ring of delocalised electrons (benzene is an arene). When benzene is heated with concentrated sulfuric acid ( H 2 SO 4) and concentrated nitric (HNO 3) acid, nitrobenzene is given as the product. Add this acidic mixture dropwise to the large reaction tube. + C. Check your work. This means that the first step need to be the nitration and (a) Write a balanced equation for the key nitration product: (1 pt) (1) Write the detailed reaction mechanism for the Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Product: (1 pt) density: 1. Arenes. Guides. Normally, the methyl group in methylbenzene directs new groups into the 2- and 4- positions (assuming the methyl group is in the 1 A second recrystallisation is, usually necessary in order to eliminate traces of o- and p-dinitrobenzene, and thus pure m-dinitrobenzene, m. Weight of m–dinitrobenzene = 168 g/mole. (a) The chemist found that when benzene reacts with bromine, a halogen carrier is required as a catalyst. (ii) Chlorobenzene undergoes nitration reaction. Q 5. The role of sulfuric acid here is to create the nitronium ion ( + NO 2) which is the immediate electrophile reacting with the The electrophilic substitution reaction between benzene and nitric acid. Here nitronium ion (NO 2+) acts as an electrophile and reacts with benzene to form nitrobenzene. (iii) Methylbromide is treated with K C N The nitration of methylbenzene (toluene) Methylbenzene reacts rather faster than benzene - in nitration, the reaction is about 25 times faster. Toluene has a methyl group (CH3) attached to the benzene ring. tp rn bt cl wk dy um fd qr un